At the end of the 10th century, Raja-raja Chola, who expanded his kingdom into Ceylon Island, acquiring Anuradhapura, which was then the capital of Ceylon Island. He decided to abandon the city of Anuradhapura, which was destroyed in the expansion and made Polonnaruwa the capital in the southeast. After that, Chola empire ruled within the Ceylon Island till 1070 AD.
During the Chola rule, many temples were established in Polonnaruwa (found within the modern day Tamil Eelam) and their present appearance can be seen in the pictures.
Photos courtesy of Praveen Naguleswaran.